Community granaries ordered
Zizhi tongjian records the first edict directing commanderies and counties to establish 義倉.
What this does and does not establish
Juan 176, pinned Wikisource revision 982720. The preceding passage attributes the proposal to 長孫平 and says the Sui ruler accepted it. This record concerns the edict, not verified establishment at every locality.
- Read through an AI working translation.
- Region
- East Asia
- Theme
- Economy and exchange
- Kind of record
- Placed in a year. A source places this in one year. It is listed under that year; no day precision is invented.
How it is dated
- Date reference
- 乙巳年，五月甲申
- How we use it
- Year-level placement is limited to the dated source entry.
The date reference is this project’s reading of the source’s date. It may give an era name, a reign or a calendar in a normalised form rather than in the source’s own words; the dating notes say what the source prints.
Dating notes from the research record
Read zztj176.wikitext lines 68–95: 至德三年/乙巳 governs; 三月 precedes and 七月 follows. Read converter lines 30–34: Julian 584-12-31 is Sui 開皇4/甲辰, month 11 day 24; Julian 585-12-31 is Sui 開皇5/乙巳, month 12 day 5. The Sui-calendar fifth month of 乙巳 falls in Julian AD 585.
File names and line numbers in these notes, and in the limits above, refer to the project’s retained copies of the cited sources. Names such as calendar_headers are the project’s calendar look-ups, and “the investigator” is the research step that prepared the record.
Sources and quoted text
Line and character numbers under “Location” refer to the project’s retained copy of the source. For database rows, “Edition” names the batch of rows that was fetched together.
Source 1 · Supports the statement
Zizhi tongjian
Sima Guang and collaborators
Quoted text (Classical Chinese)
五月，甲申，初詔郡、縣置義倉。AI working translation into English; not official or authoritative
Fifth month, jiashen: an edict was first issued ordering commanderies and counties to establish community granaries.
Source credit and reuse conditions recorded for this source: Zizhi tongjian (Comprehensive Mirror for Aid in Government), juan 176, Wikisource raw wikitext revision 982720 (2017-06-24T14:14:11Z); project English working translation. Transcription contributors, https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?oldid=982720, CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); project English translation adapted from original, share alike where applicable.
Exact source version
39cd789be872ec778a03a7ca257c4c6a490f443e75a244fff32fb29acac03ef7Checks and changes
Source checked 2026-11-05. An independent AI evidence review supports this bounded, attributed wording. That review does not guarantee historical truth. How records are checked
No correction has been made to this record’s statement or limits.
Revision s501_east_581_585_585_9
Exact revision fingerprint
21c37c84269e912b10b52530ed0edb33e8dc3ae799211e4158818ac03b4b0c39