Fiyanggu defeats Galdan at Zhaomoduo
The Qing shi gao records that Fiyanggu decisively defeated Galdan at Zhaomoduo.
What this does and does not establish
清史稿/卷7, Wikisource revision 1794686; the fifth-month entry places the battle under guiyou. The sixth-month campaign summary also attributes the western army's victory to Fiyanggu; later notices commemorate the battle.
- Read through an AI working translation.
- Region
- East Asia
- Theme
- Politics and institutions
- Kind of record
- Placed in a year. A source places this in one year. It is listed under that year; no day precision is invented.
How it is dated
- Date reference
- Kangxi 35, fifth month, guiyou
- How we use it
- Year-level placement is limited to the dated source entry.
The date reference is this project’s reading of the source’s date. It may give an era name, a reign or a calendar in a normalised form rather than in the source’s own words; the dating notes say what the source prints.
Dating notes from the research record
Read qing007.wikitext heading at line 380, the full battle entry at line 388, its neighboring campaign summary, and later Zhaomoduo notices. Calendar headers in sinica-1695-12-31.html equate Gregorian 1695-12-31 with Kangxi 34, month 11, day 26; sinica-1696-12-31.html equates Gregorian 1696-12-31 with Kangxi 35, month 12, day 8. Kangxi 35 month 5 falls in civil AD 1696, also under Julian reckoning. Original quotation begins at line 388, character 17483.
File names and line numbers in these notes, and in the limits above, refer to the project’s retained copies of the cited sources. Names such as calendar_headers are the project’s calendar look-ups, and “the investigator” is the research step that prepared the record.
Sources and quoted text
Line and character numbers under “Location” refer to the project’s retained copy of the source. For database rows, “Edition” names the batch of rows that was fetched together.
Source 1 · Supports the statement
Qing shi gao (Draft History of Qing), imperial annals
Zhao Erxun and collaborators
Quoted text (Classical Chinese)
撫遠大將軍伯費揚古大敗噶爾丹於昭莫多AI working translation into English; not official or authoritative
Pacification General-in-Chief, Earl Fiyanggu, decisively defeated Galdan at Zhaomoduo.
Source credit and reuse conditions recorded for this source: 清史稿/卷7; Wikisource revision 1794686 https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?oldid=1794686 Public-domain historical original. Wikisource contributors, CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Attribute the fixed transcription and share adapted excerpts alike. Project working translation.
Exact source version
6649cc969e3f500475b0aa26d843ab205fc2540129fb9a9de5f48caad2f54854Checks and changes
Source checked 2026-11-07. An independent AI evidence review supports this bounded, attributed wording. That review does not guarantee historical truth. How records are checked
No correction has been made to this record’s statement or limits.
Revision s1601_qing007_1694_1696_2
Exact revision fingerprint
d5daf9c948cd017cd4ed140faaf4ee7eb2177e03cf9fd0d2a15fcb694d2eb171